Uji Efektivitas Antibakteri Dari Ekstrak Daun Kipait (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes

Abstract

There are 40-80% of acne cases in Southeast Asia while the prevalence of acne in Indonesia is quite high, which ranges from 85-100% of people. Acne is caused by the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes or abbreviated P. acnes.  Indonesia is very rich in biological natural resources in the form of medicinal plants. Kipait leaves contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides. One of the important phytochemical compounds and has potential as an antibacterial is flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of kipait leaf extract with a concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% against Propionibacterium acnes. The effectiveness of antibacterial testing is done using the well method.The test results of antibacterial effectiveness against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria obtained consecutively clear zone of 8.71 mm; 13.36 mm; 20.86 mm; 24.4 mm each was measured at a concentration of 20%; 40%; 60%; 80%. The results showed that the concentration of 60% and 80% of kipait leaf extract was very effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes

Keywords:

• Antibacterial effectivity test
• Inhibition zone
• Kipahit leaves extract
• Propionibacterium acnes
• Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray

ABSTRAK

Terdapat 40-80% kasus jerawat, di Asia Tenggara sedangkan prevalensi jerawat di Indonesia cukup tinggi, yaitu berkisar antara 85-100% orang. Jerawat disebabkan oleh bakteri Propionibacterium acnes atau disingkat P. acnes.  Indonesia sangat kaya dengan sumber daya alam hayati berupa tanaman obat. Daun kipait mengandung alkaloid, saponin, tanin, fenolik, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, glikosida. Salah satu senyawa fitokimia yang penting dan memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri adalah flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun kipait dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80% terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Pengujian efektivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sumuran. Hasil uji efektivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes diperoleh zona bening berturut-turut 8,71 mm; 13,36 mm; 20,86 mm; 24,4 mm masing-masing diukur pada konsentrasi 20% ; 40% ; 60% ; 80%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 60% dan 80% dari ekstrak daun kipait sangat efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.

Kata Kunci:

• Uji efektivitas antibakteri
• Daya hambat
• Ekstrak Daun Kipahit
• Propionibacterium acnes
• Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray